Implementasi Asuhan Keperawatan Untuk Optimalisasi Nafsu Makan Pada Anak Dengan Demam Tifoid: Tinjauan Literatur

Abstrak

Typhoid is an acute infection caused by Salmonella typhi and remains a significant health issue in children. One of the clinical impacts that often arises is a decrease in appetite due to nausea, vomiting, and gastrointestinal tract disorders. This condition risks degrading nutritional status and slowing down the recovery process, so the implementation of appropriate and comprehensive nursing care is needed to address this problem. This literature review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of implementing observation, education, therapeutic actions, and collaboration in increasing the appetite of children with typhoid fever. The literature search was conducted using Google Scholar, with a publication range of 2020-2025. Six articles met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. The results showed that three articles (50%) reported that child nutrition problems were only partially resolved when nursing implementation was carried out comprehensively. In contrast, the other 50% (n = 3) of the articles reported an increase in appetite and improvement in clinical conditions when all four components of the implementation were fully implemented. Observation of nutritional status, education directed at families, therapeutic actions such as providing a high-calorie and protein-rich diet, and oral hygiene, as well as collaboration with medical teams, have been proven to have an effect on increasing children's food intake. Therefore, the application of comprehensive and consistent nursing care has been proven effective in supporting and overcoming the increased appetite of children with typhoid fever.